Hildegard of Bingen - New World Encyclopedia. Hildegard of Bingen (1. At a time when women were often not recognized in the public and religious sphere she was also an author, counselor, artist, physician, healer, dramatist, linguist, naturalist, philosopher, poet, political consultant, visionary, and composer of music. She wrote theological, naturalistic, botanical, medicinal, and dietary texts as well as letters, liturgical songs, poems, and the first surviving morality play. She also supervised the production of many brilliant miniature illuminations. Hildegard was also called, the . Only two other women come close to rivaling her fame during this period: the abbess, Herrad of Landsberg, born about 1. Eleanor of Aquitaine was also a contemporary. Biography. A sickly but gifted child. Hildegard was born into a family of free nobles in the service of the counts of Sponheim, close relatives of the Hohenstaufen emperors. She was the tenth child (the 'tithe' child) of her parents, and was sickly from birth. From the time she was very young, Hildegard experienced visions. The one surviving tale of Hildegard's childhood involves a prophetic conversation that she held with her nurse, in which she reportedly described an unborn calf as . Her brothers, Roricus and Hugo became priests and her sister, Clementia, became a nun. Hildegard was placed in the care of Jutta, a wealthy anchoress. Jutta's cell was located outside the Disibodenberg monastery in the Bavarian region of today's Germany. Jutta was very popular and acquired many followers, such that a small nunnery sprang up around her. Hildegarde de Bingen (en allemand : Hildegard von Bingen), n Der “Bund der Freunde Hildegards” – seit 1976. Ihr Hildegard von Bingen – Verein f! Diese Seite behandelt die. She was later declared a saint. Due to ill health, Hildegard was often left alone. During this time of religious loneliness she received many visions. She says of herself: Up to my fifteenth year I saw much, and related some of the things seen to others, who would inquire with astonishment, whence such things might come. I also wondered and during my sickness I asked one of my nurses whether she also saw similar things. When she answered no, a great fear befell me. Frequently, in my conversation, I would relate future things, which I saw as if present, but, noting the amazement of my listeners, I became more reticent. Eventually, Hildegard decided that keeping her visions to herself was the wise choice. She confided them only to Jutta, who in turn told the monk Volmar, Hildegard's tutor and, later, her scribe. Throughout her life, Hildegard continued to have visions. Hildegard von Bingen, lat. Hildegardis Bingensis; noin 16. Around Him stood great and wonderfully beautiful columns ornamented with ivory, bearing the banners of the king. Hildegard of Bingen was born in 1098, to a family of minor German nobility. As the tenth child, she was dedicated to the church, and sent to an anchoress, Jutta, for. Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179) was a remarkable woman, a 'first' in many fields. At a time when few women wrote, Hildegard, known as 'Sybil of the Rhine', produced. Called to write. In 1. God, . In her first theological text, 'Scivias, or . Self- doubt made me hesitate. Finally, one day I discovered I was so sick I couldn. Through this illness, God taught me to listen better. Then, when my good friends Richardis and Volmar urged me to write, I did. I started writing this book and received the strength to finish it, somehow, in ten years. I saw these when I was in the heavenly places. I wrote them down because a heavenly voice kept saying to me, 'See and speak! Hear and write!' (Hildegard of Bingen: A Spiritual Reader)Upon Jutta's death in 1. Hildegard was unanimously elected as . The twelfth century was a time of schisms and religious foment, when controversies attracted followings. Hildegard preached against schismatics, especially the Cathars. She developed a reputation for piety and effective leadership. Communication with St. Bernard. In 1. 14. Hildegard was still concerned about whether they should be published, so she wrote to the future Saint Bernard, abbot of the Cistercian monastery of Clairvaux. Her remarkable first letter to the saint has been preserved.. Father, I am greatly disturbed by a vision which has appeared to me through divine revelation, a vision seen not with my fleshly eyes but only in my spirit. Wretched, and indeed more than wretched in my womanly condition, I have from earliest childhood seen great marvels which my tongue has no power to express, but which the Spirit of God has taught me that I may believe. Steadfast gentle father, in your kindness respond to me, your unworthy servant, who has never, from her earliest childhood, lived one hour free from anxiety. In your piety and wisdom look in your spirit, as you have been taught by the Holy Spirit, and from your heart bring comfort to your handmaiden. Nevertheless, I do not receive this knowledge in German. Indeed, I have no formal training at all, for I know how to read only on the most elementary level, certainly with no deep analysis. But please give me your opinion in this matter, because I am untaught and untrained in exterior material, but am only taught inwardly, in my spirit. Hence my halting, unsure speech . Bernard also advanced her work at the behest of her abbot, Kuno, at the Synod of Trier in 1. When Hildegard's archbishop showed part of Scivias to Pope Eugenius, Bernard encouraged his fellow Cistercian to approve it. Eugenius then encouraged Hildegard to complete her writings. With papal support, Hildegard finished her Scivias in ten years and thus her importance spread throughout the region. Later Career. In 1. Hildegard and 2. 0 members of her community left their former community to establish a new monastery for women, Saint Rupertsberg at Bingen on a mountaintop near the Rhine in 1. Archbishop Henry of Mainz consecrated the abbey church in 1. Fifteen years later, she founded a daughter- house across the Thine at Eibingen. Many people from all parts of Germany sought her advice and wisdom both in corporal and spiritual ailments. Archbishop Heinrich of Mainz, Archbishop Eberhard of Salzburg and Abbot Ludwig of Saint Eucharius at Trier visited her. Saint Elizabeth of Sch. Hildegard traveled to both of the houses of Disenberg and Eibingen and to Ingelheim to see Emperor Frederick. From her letters at least four popes and ten archbishops corresponded with her. As well as ten bishops, 2. Hildegard Of Bingen YoutubeEven the renowned Jewish scholar at Mainz would visit her and challenge her knowledge on the Old Testament. Most noteworthy, was that the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I (1. Barbarossa (. Unique for a women, she traveled widely during her four preaching tours lasting over 1. Middle Ages (see Scivias, tr. Hart, Bishop, Newman). She visited both men's and women's monasteries and urban Cathedrals to preach to both religious and secular clergy. Her longtime secretary, Volmer, died in 1. Canonization efforts. Hildegard was one of the first souls for which the canonization process was officially applied, but the process took so long that four attempts at canonization (the last was in 1. Pope Innocent IV) were not completed, and she remained at the level of her beatification. She has been referred to as a saint by some, with miracles being attributed to her, particularly in contemporary Rhineland, Germany. As Sister Judith Sutera, O. S. B., of Mount Saint Scholastica explains: For the first centuries, the . When they began to codify, between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries, they did not go back and apply any official process to those persons who were already widely recognized and venerated. So many quite famous, ancient, and even non- existent saints who have had feast days and devotions since the apostolic era were never canonized per se. Hildegard's name was taken up in the Roman martyrology at the end of the sixteenth century. Her feast day is September 1. Works. Music. . Hildegard, in fact, remains the first composer whose biography is known. Among her better known works, 'Ordo Virtutum',' or . It contains only one male part, that of the Devil, who, because of his corrupted nature, cannot sing. The play has served as an inspiration and foundation for what later became known as opera. The oratorio was created, like much of Hildegard's music, for religious ceremonial performance by the nuns of her convent. Like most religious music of her day, Hildegard's music is monophonic; that is, designed for limited instrumental accompaniment. It is characterized by soaring soprano vocalizations. Today there are numerous recordings available of her work which are still being used and recorded (see References). Scientific works. In addition to music, Hildegard also wrote medical, botanical and geological treatises, and she even invented an alternative alphabet. The text of her writing and compositions reveals Hildegard's use of this form of modified medieval Latin, encompassing many invented, conflated and abridged words. Due to her inventions of words for her lyrics and a constructed script, many conlangers (people immersed in specialized forms of symbolic communication) look upon her as a medieval precursor. Visionary writings. Hildegard collected her visions into three books. The first and most important Scivias (. Her visions related in the Scivias were largely about . This volume focused on caritas, the love of God for humans and humans' reciprocal love for Him. In these volumes, written over the course of her life until her death in 1. The narrative of her visions was richly decorated under her direction, presumably by other nuns in the convent, while transcription assistance was provided by the monk Volmar. The liber was celebrated in the Middle Ages and printed for the first time in Paris in 1. Luckily these illustrations were exactly copied in the 1. Dresden when the British fire- bombed the city toward the end of World War II. In Scivias, Hildegard was one of the first to interpret the beast in the Book of Revelation as the Antichrist, a figure whose rise to power would parallel Christ's own life, but in a demonic form. For Hildegard, the source of the Antichrist's evil power lay in Judaism, and thus she is also credited with being a literary source of anti- Judaism, which might be the reason the Jewish scholar in Mainz visited her numerous times challenging her on the Old Testament. She also wrote The Book of Simple Medicine or Nine Books on the Subtleties of Different Kinds of Creatures, or Natural History, which is a small encyclopedia on the natural sciences. In this volume observation is the key to her understanding.
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